The Dispute Between Adam and Moses
In Islamic thought, there has been a long debate about the role of free will, divine justice, and predestination. One […]
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The Study of the Royal Revenues
The detailed knowledge of the royal mosque revenues is not open to everyone. It is mainly studied and understood by
The Five Main Duties of the Law
Although there were many discussions among scholars about how to explain religious law, a person was still considered a true
Ambassadors from Distant Lands
Ambassadors from distant countries, whose main goal was to promote trade and commerce—such as those from England, France, and the
The Wedding Supper
After the Sultana removed her veil, she drank some water. Soon after, her serving maids brought in a low table.
Lands of Constant War
These provinces have long been known as places of great struggle and suffering. In many wars between the Ottoman Empire
Envy Rivalry and Court Politics
Emulation and flattery were powerful forces in the Ottoman court. Many rival groups and factions competed for influence, and this
Learning for the Duties of High Office
A great minister, or any high officer of the Empire, was expected to perform his duties with knowledge and judgment.
Confusion in the Presence Chamber
Those who entered His Majesty’s Presence Chamber immediately perceived a great tumult and disorder. The noise was so loud and
Land Held under the Crown
A Comparison with English Law In England, lands held from the Crown are protected by fixed and settled laws. A