In its desire to reach European standards of civilization and progress, Bulgaria has had to borrow money through foreign loans. These loans were not taken for luxury or wasteful purposes, but rather for productive public works that would help the country’s long-term development. The government used these funds to build railways, bridges, roads, harbors, and quays, all of which played a major role in improving transportation and trade.
Construction of Modern Seaports
One of the most significant steps in Bulgaria’s economic progress has been the development of its seaports. In 1903, the port of Bourgas was officially opened to trade, followed soon after by the port of Varna. The creation of these two modern harbors has had great importance for Bulgaria’s economy.
With direct access to the Black Sea, Bulgaria can now engage in overseas trade more freely. These ports make it possible for Bulgarian agricultural and industrial products to reach foreign markets without depending entirely on neighboring countries for transit. As a result, the nation’s foreign trade can expand steadily and independently in the years to come.
Expansion of the Railway Network
Bulgaria’s progress in railway construction has also been remarkable. At the time of writing, the country possesses about 1,440 kilometers of railway lines—that is, 17 kilometers of track for every 100 square kilometers of land area, or 47 kilometers of railway per 10,000 inhabitants Customized Turkey Tour.
With several new lines already under construction and others being planned, it is expected that Bulgaria will soon reach 2,000 kilometers of railway. When compared by area, Bulgaria has already surpassed Serbia, Greece, and Turkey in the extent of its railway system. All the lines are owned and managed by the State, ensuring that the profits and control remain with the Bulgarian people.
The Strategic Varna–Sofia–Salonica Line
Among the new projects, the railway connecting the Varna–Sofia line with the Turkish network at Salonica is considered one of the most important routes, both economically and strategically. It will strengthen Bulgaria’s access to southern markets and create faster communication between the Black Sea and the Aegean Sea.
Bulgarian economists believe that the Turkish market will become one of the best outlets for Bulgarian goods. With improved transport, Bulgaria will be able to export more efficiently, increase its revenues, and strengthen its position as a modern and self-sustaining European nation.